![]() The Tompkins Square Riot occurred on January 13, 1874, when police violently suppressed a demonstration involving thousands of people in Tompkins Square Park. In the resulting police action, 63 citizens, mostly Irish, were killed. In 1870, the Orange Riots were incited by Irish Protestants celebrating the Battle of the Boyne with parades through predominantly Irish Catholic neighborhoods. Wool, commander of the Department of the East, stated on July 16 that, " Martial law ought to be proclaimed, but I have not a sufficient force to enforce it." The military did not reach the city until after the first day of rioting, when mobs had already ransacked or destroyed numerous public buildings, two Protestant churches, the homes of various abolitionists or sympathizers, many black homes, and the Colored Orphan Asylum at 44th Street and Fifth Avenue, which was burned to the ground. The conditions in the city were such that Major General John E. At least 11 blacks are estimated to have been killed. Initially intended to express anger at the draft, the protests turned into a race riot, with white rioters, mainly but not exclusively Irish immigrants, attacking blacks wherever they could be found. The rioters were overwhelmingly working-class men, primarily ethnic Irish, resenting particularly that wealthier men, who could afford to pay a $300 ($5,555 in 2014 dollars) commutation fee to hire a substitute, were spared from the draft. President Abraham Lincoln was forced to divert several regiments of militia and volunteer troops from following up after the Battle of Gettysburg to control the city. The riots remain the largest civil insurrection in American history (with 119 to 120 fatalities) aside from the Civil War itself. Congress during that year to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War. The New York City draft riots in July 1863 were violent disturbances in New York City that were the culmination of working-class discontention with new laws passed by the U. High-profile murders Murder of Helen Jewett The new system divided the city into three districts and set up courts, magistrates, clerks, and station houses. Under Mayor William Havemeyer, the police force reorganized and officially established itself on May 13, 1845, as the New York Police Department (NYPD). The state legislature approved the proposal on May 7, 1844, and abolished the nightwatch system. Peter Cooper, at the request of the Common Council, drew up a proposal to create a police force of 1,200 officers. When Helen Jewett was murdered on April 10, 1836, Bennett did innovative on-the-scene investigation and reporting and helped bring the story to national attention. ![]() In 1835, the New York Herald was established by James Gordon Bennett, Sr., who helped revolutionize journalism by covering stories that appeal to the masses including crime reporting. ![]() Organized crime has long been associated with New York City, beginning with the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards gangs in the Five Points area of Manhattan in the 1820s. ![]() Where appropriate, incorporate items into the main body of the article. Please help to clean it up to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. This section contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined, unverified or indiscriminate. ![]()
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